Working member of rotary type in a mechanized drifting shield



Sept. 16, 1969 E. M. BOLOTIN ET AL 3,467,439

WORKING MEMBER OF ROTARY TYPE IN A MECHANIZED DRIFTING SHIELD Filed Feb.28, 1967 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 16, 1969 E. M. BOLOTIN ET'AT. 3,467,439

WORKING MEMBER OF ROTARY TYPE IN A MECHANIZED DRIFTING SHIELD 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 28, 1967 3 My" Z- x if m 5 United StatesPatent 3,467,439 e WORKING MEMBER OF ROTARY TYPE IN A MECHANIZEDDRIFTING SHIELD Evgeny Moiseevich Bolotin, Otkrytoe shosse 24, korp. 25,kv. 12; Lev Abramovich Blyakher, Posledny per. 1/ 22, kv. 6; BorisNikolaevich Ierusalimsky, Otkrytoe shosse 24, korp. -a, kv. 45; LeonidIvanovich Saveliev, Otkrytoe shosse 29, korp. 11, kv. 58; VladimirIvanovich Razmerov, Leningradsky prospekt 62, kv. 90, and LeonidKonstantiuovich Khaidurov, Otkrytoe shosse 24, korp. S-g, kv. 31, all ofMoscow, U.S.S.R.

Filed Feb. 28, 1967, Ser. No. 619,329 Int. Cl. E21c 13/02, 1/14 U.S. Cl.299-90 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A working member of rotarytype in a mechanized drifting shield for underground mining providedwith at least two curvilinear blades defining the front end part of theworking member and having a kerf-bar tool. The blades are inclined fromthe center of the working member end part towards the side opposite tothe working travel of the shield.

The present invention relates to mechanized shields for use inunderground mining and more particularly to mechanized drifting shieldsprovided with a working member of rotary type.

Known in the art are mechanized drifting shields which have a workingmember of the rotary type whose front end part comprises at least twocurvilinear blades, each having a cutter at the front radial edge asviewed along the rotor motion, with the blades being arranged so thatthe radial edge with the cutter is disposed at a certain distance infront of the radial edge of the adjacent blade, as viewed along thetravel of the shield.

A disadvantage of such drifting shields is that they can be employedonly for mining or drifting certain kinds of rocks (for example, clay,sand, etc.) for which their working member is designed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a drifting shield ofsuch a design as to insure the mining of rock ranging from a mediumhardness to an unstable one, as well as, in case of the water levellowering, caisson or freezing, the mining of water-saturated rock.

This object is achieved due to the fact that the blades of the Workingmember are inclined from the center of the shield end part towards theside opposite to the mine face with the blades being preferably definedas helical surfaces, and each of the blades mounting tooth-shapedcutters arranged along the rear edge thereof as viewed along the rotorpath.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become more fullyapparent to persans skilled in the art from the following detaileddescription of an embodiment thereof and the accompanying drawings, inwhich:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view partly broken away of the proposeddrifting shield;

FIG. 2 is a view of the shield looking in the direction of arrow A inFIG. 1; and

FIG. 3 is a view, taken along the line -I-I in FIG. 1.

3,467,439 Patented Sept. 16, 1969 The shield described herein consistsof a body 1 (FIG. 1) having guides 2 on which is mounted a workingmember 3 of the rotary type. The front end part of the working memberincludes two blades 4 and 5 (FIG. 2) having helical surfaces inclinedfrom the center of the shield end part towards the side opposite to themine face so that these surfaces define an obtuse angle whose vertex isdirected towards the mine face. The front edge of each blade (as viewedalong the shield travel) is provided with a. cutter 6, and the rearedge-with removable toothshaped bits 7. The edges of the blades mountingthe cutters 6 (FIG. 3) are disposed at a certain distance in front, asviewed along the shield travel, of the edges mounting the tooth-shapedbits 7.

The helical surface of the blades insures the breaking and taking ofsoft rocks, and simultaneously precludes the falling down of the rock.The teeth serve for the preliminary mining of rocks of medium hardnessby cutting the rocks away from the mine face with the subsequent takingup of the loosened rock by cutters. Dependent upon the grade of rocksand the degree of its hardness, a lesser or larger number of teeth andcutters of various width is employed. The cutters 6 are made extensible,with the extension depending on the rock hardness.

In soft and unstable rocks, cutters are set flush with the edge, whereasin the case of hard rocks the cutters are extended towards the mineface. The cutters 6 operate also as loaders of the mined rock, directingit inside the rotor.

The rotor is driven by a reversible hydraulic jack-type drive 8 (FIG.1).

To support the upper part of the mine face and insure its stability, thebody 1 of the shield is provided with a removable lip 9 which makes itpossible for the working member to operate in soft, unstable kinds ofrock, with the diameter of the mine passed by the working member beingsmaller than the external diameter of the shield. The lip additionallycuts the rock above the level being passed by the working member,thereby providing for a free passage of the shield.

To insure the operation of the shield in stable rocks, the workingmember must work out the mine of such a diameter that it is equal to orgreater than the diameter of the shield. In such a case, the lip isremoved and the working member is displaced by the aid of jacks (notshown in drawings to) another elevation with respect to the shield axis.The depth of the mining is controlled by means of extensible bits 10.

The worked out rock is loaded onto a conveyer 11 by the cutters 6 andribs 12 of the loading part of the working member. The shield is alsoprovided with a means 23 for laying the tunnel lining.

The working member is moved for mining by hydraulic jacks 14 which,under condition of soft unstable rocks, press the helical surface of theworking member to the mine face, thus preventing it from falling. Thedrifting shield is moved by hydraulic jacks 15 disposed in the body 1thereof. To steer the shield, flaps 16 and a copy-bit or cutter 17 areprovided.

We claim:

1. A working member of rotary type in a mechanized shield forunderground mining, comprising at least two curvilinear blades definingthe front end part of said working member; one cutter on the frontradial edge, as viewed along the motion of the working member, of eachof said blades; said blades being inclined from the center of the endpart of said working member towards the side opposite to the mine faceand said blades being arranged so that said radial edge with the cutteris disposed at a certain distance in front of the radial edge of theadjacent blade, as viewed along the shield travel.

2. The working member as claimed in claim 1, in which said blades areprovided with a helical surface.

3. The Working member as claimed in claim 1, in which each blade mountstooth-shaped bits arranged along the rear edge, as viewed along themotion of the working member.

4 4. A working member as claimed in claim 1 in which blades areinstalled on the rear end part for conducting the rock and deliveringthe rock to a loading part for the shield.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 94,669 9/1869 Tisdalc 175-3961,065,874 6/1913 Kaukeinen 175-396 2,134,478 10/1938 Hollingsworth299-56 X 2,798,707 7/1957 Kandle 299-90 x ERNEST R. PURSER, PrimaryExaminer US. Cl. X.R.

